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Les lauriers sont coupés
''Les lauriers sont coupés'' ((:le lɔʁje sɔ̃ kupe), "The laurels are cut") is an 1887 novel by French author Édouard Dujardin, first published in the magazine ''Revue Indépendante''. He was an early user of the literary technique stream of consciousness, and ''Les Lauriers'' exemplifies the style. Dujardin claimed later, in a study of the technique and its application in Joyce's ''Ulysses'', that he was the first to use it in ''Les Lauriers''.
The title derives from a French children's song, "''Nous n'irons plus au bois''" ("We'll go to the woods no more"), where the withering of the laurel tree is a prelude to regrowth, the latter period marked by joyous song and dance. The novel adheres to that spirit, capturing the thoughts of a student in Paris over a six-hour period in the spring.
==Background==
Like many symbolists, Dujardin believed music to be an expression of interior life. In turn, interior monologue, being a-rationalist and anti-intellectual, could point the novel's way toward expressing the unconscious. Analogous with music (music being taken as the origin of language), interior monologue had an affinity with a more primitive and thus more original language. Like many symbolists, Dujardin had been greatly impressed with the music of Richard Wagner, and how important Wagner was to him and others was made clear by the foundation (with Téodor de Wyzewa) in 1885 of the journal ''Revue wagnérienne''. Interior monologue, then, was to be the translation of the musical (and Wagnerian) idea of the ''Leitmotif'' into the novel, and narrative subjectivism to be the dominant perspective.
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